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英语知识点归纳有哪些?
英语知识重点：
关系代词引导的定语从句。
1、who指人，在从句中做主语。
（1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
（2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2、whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
（1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
（2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
（3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3、 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
（2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4、that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（1) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
（2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5、 whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
（1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
（2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替。
（3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
（4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
（5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
（6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
中考英语知识点
中 学英 语 易 混 易 错 词 汇 总 结
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口，人数，people具体的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course
12. custom, habit
custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage不可数名词, 损害，损失; damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages
23. police, policeman
police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用
25. man, a man
man人类，a man一个男人 Man will conquer nature.
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip
29. sport, game
sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming.
30. price, prize
price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
31. a number of, the number of
a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.
33. of the day, of a day
of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的， of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day
34. three of us, the three of us
three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.
36. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.
41. in a word, in words
in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.
42. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?
45. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会
46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea
47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is
48. in office, in the office
in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
49. in bed, on the bed
in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
50. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
51. in class, in the class
in class在课上，in the class在班级里 He is the best student in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
on fire着火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的
54. a second, the second
a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.
55. by day, by the day
by day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.
56. the people, a people
the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
57. it, one
it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
58. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的 I was ill. That's why…
59. none, nothing, no one
none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人
--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
60. anyone, any one
anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you
61. who, what
who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
63. other, another
other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student
64. not a little, not a bit
not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
66. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
67. no, not
no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
68. no more than, not more than
no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过
69. majority, most
majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可 the majority of people
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自动的 The door opened of itself.
71. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.
72. tall, high
tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.
73. fast, quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
74. high, highly
high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
75. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise
76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
77. gold, golden
gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring
78. most, mostly
most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly…
79. just, very
just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man
80. wide, broad
wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders
81. real, true
real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story
82. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
83. outwards, outward
二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
85. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
86. close, closely
close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close
87. ill, sick
ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
88. good, well
good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
90. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
91. able, capable
able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing…
92. almost, nearly
二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody
93. late, lately
late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
95. excited, exciting
excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
97. aloud, loud
aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读)
98. worth, worthy
二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
99. bad, badly
bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad I need the book badly.
100. before long, long before
before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
101. quite, rather
quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible
102. happy, glad
happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl
103. instead, instead of
instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
104. too much, much too
too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy
105. be about to, be going to, be to do
be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)
106. raise, rise
raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.
107. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk
108. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱
109. join, join in, take part in
join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.
110. learn, study
learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究
study the problem
111. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
112. discover, invent, find out
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.
113. answer, reply
answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter
114. leave, leave for
leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
115. rob, steal
rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.
116. shoot, shoot at
shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.
117. drop, fall
drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
118. search, search for
search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.
119. used to, be used to
used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.
120. win, lose, beat
win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
英语中的四个花（花费）的用法
英语中的四个花（花费）分别是spend，take，cost和pay。
一、spend
v. (动词)
1、spend的基本意思是“花费时间、精力或金钱”,可指人使用、花费金钱,度过时光,也可指某人、物、事使尽〔耗光〕力量、能量、弹药等,还可指人在某物、事方面花费金钱、精力、时间等。
2、spend可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,只能以人作主语,接名词、代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。
3、spend的宾语后可接动词不定式,表示目的,作状语。
二、take
v. (动词)
1、take是英语中含义最多,搭配能力最强的动词之一,基本意思是“拿,取,带,抓”,指用手取物、接受东西、把人或物移到某处。可根据上下文灵活译为“吃,喝,服(药),容纳”“接,接受,提,买”“以为,把…看作…”“花费”“记录,量取”“拍摄”等。
2、take可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,作“带给”解时其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。用作不及物动词时主动形式可表示被动意义。
3、take与某些名词连用,表示做某一动作,相当于have。
三、cost
v. (动词)
1、cost的基本意思是“对得到的事物、行为或事情的结果付出代价”,可依据上下文灵活译为“值…”“花费”或“失去”“蒙受”“招致”等。引申还可表示“估算成本”“计算费用”。cost侧重的是“以…为代价”,而不仅仅是数量的陈述。
2、cost主要用作及物动词。作“花费”“付出代价”解时,不用于被动结构,主语通常是物或事物。接名词或代词作宾语时,宾语为金钱、时间、精力等(在当代英语中,这一范围正不断扩大)。
接双宾语时,直接宾语为金钱、时间、精力等,间接宾语则总是人。作“计算费用”“估算”解时主语一定是人,且可用于被动结构。
3、cost也可用作不及物动词,意为“需要花费”“需要付出代价”,这时其后一般有副词性状语。
四、pay
v. (动词)
1、pay的基本意思是“付给”“付出”,指某人买东西或做某事所花费的金钱。引申可表示为“给予”。
2、pay既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作不及物动词时,多作“合算,值得”解; 用作及物动词时,其搭配范围比较窄,主语只能是人,宾语常是人、钱或账单,而不能是其他物品,如果其客体是物品,则须用for引导。可用于被动结构。
3、pay可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。也可接由动词不定式或副词充当补足语的复合宾语。
人教版初一到初二英语书上的主要语法和知识点
【精萃】新目标英语知识点总结及练习七年级上
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. Sit down
2. on duty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see？ I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on duty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要语法
1. 动词be的用法；
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；
4. 冠词的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
【名师讲解】
1. in/on
在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如：
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：
You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。
Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。
(2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如：
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁？
3. There be/ have
There be "有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如：
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。
总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there? 看！那边那个是什么？
单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如：
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：
What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么？
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？
(3)watch“观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如：
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
4. put on/ / in
put on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
in 是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如：
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。
5. house/ home/family
house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成员”。例如：
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：
(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也
可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如：
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。
(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：
Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。
The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。
(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：
I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在：
1. 动词be的用法；
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；
4. 冠词的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；
7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是人称代词和物主代词的用法。本题中动词show后面跟双宾语，空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。
2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的基本用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子，所以用定冠词the。
3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)
---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案：A。该题考查的是动词be的用法和主谓一致。the number作主语，应该是单数第三人称，动词be变为is。
4. (2004年陕西省中考试题)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是There be…句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”，不能和动词have混在一起用。
【精萃】新目标英语知识点总结及练习七年级下
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. a bottle of
2. a little
3. a lot (of)
4. all day
5. be from
6. be over
7. come back
8. come from
9. do one’s homework
10. do the shopping
11. get down
12. get home
13. get to
14. get up
15. go shopping
16. have a drink of
17. have a look
18. have breakfast
19. have lunch
20. have supper
21. listen to
22. not…at all
23. put…away
24. take off
25. throw it like that
26. would like
27. in the middle of the day
28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening
29. on a farm
30. in a factory
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.?
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat?
6. How do you spell …?
7. May I borrow…?
III. 交际用语
1. —Thanks very much!
—You're welcome.
2. Put it/them away.
3. What's wrong?
4. I think so.
I don't think so.
5. I want to take some books to the classroom.
6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.
Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.
9. What's your favourite sport?
10. Don't worry.
11.I’m (not) good at basketball.
12. Do you want a go?
13. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
15. We / They have some CDs.
We / They don’t have any CDs.
16. ---What day is it today / tomorrow?
---It’s Monday.
17. ---May I borrow your colour pens, please?
---Certainly. Here you are.
18. ---Where are you from?
---From Beijing.
19. What's your telephone number in New York?
20. ---Do you like hot dogs?
---Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)
---No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)
21. ---What does your mother like?
---She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.
22. ---When do you go to school every day?
---I go to school at 7:00 every day.
23. ---What time does he go to bed in the evening?
---He goes to bed at 10:00.
IV. 重要语法
1.人称代词的用法；
2. 祈使句；
3. 现在进行时的构成和用法；
4．动词have的用法；
5．一般现在时构成和用法；
6．可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法
【名师讲解】
1. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意为“对的”，表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为，肯定对方的答案或判断。例如：
"I think we must help the old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。
That’s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”，用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如：
"Many thanks." "That's all right."
"Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
All right.意为“行了”、“可以”，表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”
"Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗
2. make/do
这两个词都可以解释为“做”，但含义却不同，不能混用。make指做东西或制东西，do指做一件具体的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能为我做个纸船吗？
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say：是最口语化的最普通的一个词，意为“说出”、“说道”，着重所说的话。如：
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他说，“我要坐汽车到那里去。”
Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”，着重开口发声，不着重所说的内容，一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如：
Can you speak about him? 你能不能说说他的情况？
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。
speak 作及物动词解时，只能和某种语言等连用，表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如：
She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近，也着重说话的动作，而不着重所说的话，因此，一般也只用作不及物动词， 不过，talk 暗示话是对某人说的，有较强的对话意味，着重指连续地和别人谈话。如：
I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”，除较少情况外，一般后面总接双宾语。如：
He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做饭”解，属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词，不能用作复数，但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语：
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 买些东西
do some reading 读书
do some writing 写些东西
do some fishing 钓鱼
从以上短语可引申出另一类短语，不能用some, much或定冠词。
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性；后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如：
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜欢踢足球，但是他不喜欢和李明踢。
6. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的，别的，
Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?
others 别的人，别的东西
In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是
美国人,其他的是法国人。
the other表另一个（二者之中）one…，the other…
One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.
我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。
another表三者以上的另一个，另一些
There is room for another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。
7. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事（不属于树本身生长出的别的东西）落在树上，表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时，要使用on the tree.如：
There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树上有些苹果。
There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟。
8. some/ any
(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如：
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass?
There isn't any water in the glass.
(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中，或在表示请求，邀请的疑问句中，我们依然用some。如：
Would you like some tea?
9. tall/ high
(1)说人，动物，树木等有生命的东西，主要用tall，不用high，例如
a tall woman 一个高个子妇女
a tall horse 一个高大的马
(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上时，飞机飞上天时，例如：
He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树上。
The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空中这么高。
(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以，不过high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副词，tall不能。
(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.
10. can/ could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力
"。例如：
Can you ride a bike？ 你会骑自行车吗？
What can I do for you？ 要帮忙吗？
Can you make a cake？你会做蛋糕吗？
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如：
Where can he be？他会在什么地方呢？
Can the news be true？这个消息会是真的吗？
It surely can't be six o'clock already？不可能已经六点钟了吧？
You can't be hungry so soon，Tom，you've just had lunch.汤姆，你不可能饿得这么快，你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean？他会是什么意思？
在日常会话中，can可代替may表示"允许"，may比较正式。例如：
You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
--- Can I use your pen？我能用你的钢笔吗？
--- Of course，you can.当然可以。
You can have my seat，I'm going now.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性（在否定和疑问句中）。例如：
The doctor said he could help him.（能力）医生说他能帮助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.（能力）
当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.（可能性）
那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转。例如：
Could I speak to John，please？我能和约翰说话吗？
Could you？在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如：
Could you wait half an hour？请你等半个小时好吗？
Could you please ring again at six？六点钟请你再打电话好吗？
(4) can的形式
只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态，有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态（包括将来时）须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。例如：
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他们没有能到北京来。
11. look for/ find
look for 意为“寻找”，而find意为“找到，发现”，前者强调“找”这一动作，并不注重“找”的结果，而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如：
She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch，but he can’t find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表，但没能找到。
12. be sleeping/ be asleep
be sleeping 表示动作，意思是“正在睡觉”；be asleep 表示状态，意思是“睡着了”。如：
---What are the children doing in the room? 孩子们在房间里做什么？
---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。
The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了。
13. often/ usually/sometimes
often表示"经常"，sometimes表示"有时候"，在表示发生频率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性，一般性的动作或情况，常与一般现在时连用，常位于主要谓语动词的前面，其他谓语动词（be动词，情态动词和助动词）的后面，有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气，则放在句首。
We usually play basketball after school.我们通常放学后打篮球。
Sometimes I go to bed early.有时，我睡觉很早。
He often reads English in the morning.他经常在早晨读英语。
14. How much/ How many
how much常用来询问某一商品的价格，常见句式是How much is / are…?
How much is the skirt? 这条裙子多少钱？
How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？
how much后加不可数名词，表示数量，意为“多少“，how many后加可数名词的复数形式。
How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀？
How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少人？
15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at
be good for 表示"对……有好处"，而be bad for表示"对……有害"；be good to表示"对……友好"，而be bad to表示"对……不好"；be good at表示"擅长，在……方面做得好"，而be bad at表示"在……方面做得不好"。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you health.吃的太多对你的身体有害。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The boss is bad to his workers.这个老板对他的工人不好。
Li Lei is good at drawing, but I'm bad at it.李雷擅长画画，但是我不擅长。
16. each/ every
each 和every都有"每一个"的意思，但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼，every从整体着眼。each 可用于两者或两者以上，every只用于三者或三者以上。
We each have a new book.
我们每人各有一本新书。
There are trees on each side of the street.
街的两旁有树。
He gets up early every morning.
每天早晨他都起得早。
each可以用作形容词、副词和代词；every只能用作形容词。
Each of them has his own duty.
他们各人有各人的义务。
They each want to do something different.
他们每个人都想做不同的事情。
17. 一般现在时/现在进行时
一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力，还有自然现象；而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作（构成方式为am/is /are/+doing）。
I do my homework in the evening.
我在晚上做作业。
I'm doing my homework now.
我现在正在做作业。
现在进行时常与now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等词连用；而一般现在时常与often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等连用。
We often clean the classroom after school.
我们经常放学后打扫教室。
Look! They are cleaning the classroom .
看！他们正在打扫教室呢。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在：
1．动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法，人称代词的用法，可数名词和不可数
名词的构成和用法。
2．本册书中常见的交际用语
3．本册书中一些重点的词组和短语
考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和短文填空。
英语名词知识点归纳是什么？
英语名词知识点归纳如下：
名词的定义：名词名词 (Nouns)是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
专有名词：指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来，它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。
如：Jim 吉姆、China 中国、Mr. Smith 史密斯先生、July 七月、Friday 星期五、the Yellow River 黄河、 English 英语、A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》。
注意事项：
专有名词的首字母通常要大写。若是专名名词词组，则其中每个单词的首字母要大写;若是缩略词，则通常每个字母都大写;称呼家人的 mum, dad, father, mother 等有时也可小写。
英语必考知识点
1动词be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你you用(are),is跟着他(he),她(she),他(it).单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号某丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。
2this，that和it用法
（1）this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。
（2）距离说话人近的人或者物用this，距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower.这是一朵花。（近处）That is a tree.那是一棵树。（远处）
（3）放在一起的两样东西，先说this，后说that。如：This is a pen.That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。
（4）向别人介绍某人说This is...,不说That is...。如：This is Helen.Helen,this isTom.这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。
（5）This is不能缩写，而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike.That's a car.这是一辆自行车，那是一辆轿车。
（6） 打电话时，介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如：-Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂，是格林小姐吗？-Yes,this is.Who's that?是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用”我“和”你“，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am...,Are you...?Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that做主语的疑问句时，要用it代替this或者that。如：①-Is this a notebook?这是笔记本吗？-Yes,it is.是的，它是。②-What's that?那是什么？-It's a kite.是只风筝。
3these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。
③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?
在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。
4名词+’s所有格单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书
不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加“ ’s ”Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋
表示两者共同拥有时，只在最后一个名词后加’sLucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)
表示两者各自拥有时，要在每个名词后加’sLucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间，两间房子)
5There be句型
(1)There be 句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词，没有词义;主 语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构：
There be放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末，强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。
如：
On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be 句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“There be”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is 还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。
如：①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3) 注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be”的形式是由与它最近 的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。
如：①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6like一词的用法like用作及物动词，译为“喜欢”