2017八年级上册英语第二单元知识点
英语成绩提升在于在整理和归纳单元知识点，没有付出就没有收获，相信自己能成功。下面由我为你整理的八年级上册英语第二单元知识点，希望对大家有帮助!
八年级上册英语第二单元知识点1
重点短语归纳：
1.go to the movies =go to the cinema去看电影
2.look after=take care of 照顾
3.surf the internet 上网
4.healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5.go skateboarding 去滑滑板
watch TV看电视
6.keep healthy=stay healthy= keep in good health保持健康
keep +形容词，“表保持某种状态”
do some reading 阅读
7.exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼
8.eating habit 饮食习惯
9.take more exercise 做更多的运动
10.be the same as 与什么相同
11.once a month一月一次
12.be different from 不同
13.twice a week一周两次.
three times a week一周三次
14.make a difference to 对什么有影响
如：As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students.
身为教师，你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。
如：A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。
15.how often 多久一次，询问动作发生的频率
how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数
16.although=though虽然 不能与but连用
17.most of the students=most students大多数学生
18.shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
19.as for至于
20.activity survey活动调查
21.do homework做家庭作业
22.do housework做家务事
23.eat less meat吃更少的肉
24.junk food垃圾食物
25.be good for 对什么有益
26.be bad for对什么有害
27.want to do sth 想做某事
28.want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29.try to do sth 尽量做某事
30.come home from school放学回家
31.of course=certainly=sure当然
32.get good grades取得好成绩
33.some advice 一些建议
some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词
a piece of advice 一则建议
give advice 提出建议
take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议
34.help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth
35.a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜
36.hardly= almost not几乎不
hardly ever很少，几乎不，从不
37.keep/be in good health保持健康
38.your favorite program你最喜欢的节目
39.Animal World 动物世界
40.play soccer踢足球
41.every day每天
42.once or twice a week 每周一两次
43.three or four times a week 每周三四次
44.at Green High School 在格林高中
45.all students 所有的学生
46.most students 大多数学生
47.some students 一些学生
48.no students 没有学生
49.the result of a survey 调查结果
50.the result for “watch TV”“看电视”的调查结果
51.improve your English 提高你的英语
52.drink milk 喝牛奶
53.pretty healthy 相当健康 pretty，adv. 相当，非常
Pretty(用作副词时) =rather=very=quite 非常，相当
54. kind of = a little有点
I think I’m kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。
55.on weekends在周末
56.ask sb. about sth.就某事询问某人
57.by doing sth.通过做某事
58.go online去上网
59.the answer to the question问题的答案
60.stay up late熬夜
61.the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
62.at least twice a week一周至少2次
63.such as 比如;诸如
64.less than少于《----》more than多于
65.hardly ever几乎从不
66.swing dance摇摆舞
67.go to bed early早点睡觉
68.in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
69.help with housework帮忙做家务
70.old habits die hard积习难改
71.play tennis打网球
72.have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
73.go shopping=do some shopping购物
74.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
75.spend time/money on sth.在某方面花费时间或金钱
76.spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间或金钱做某事
77.sometimes=at times有时
78.help with housework帮助做家务
八年级上册英语第二单元知识点2
重点句子：
1.How often do you exercise? 你(你们)多久锻炼一次身体?
解析：How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.?
疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),(在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用)与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。
Eg1)——How often do you go to the factory?
——Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去一次?每星期两次。
Eg2)——How often does he go shopping?
——He goes shopping once a month.
2.——“What do you usually do on weekends?”
——“ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么?”“我通常踢足球。”
解析：第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个do则是实义动词。
Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.
Eg2)What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.
3.——“What’s your favorite program?”
——“It’s Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目?”“动物世界。”
4.As for homework , most students do homework every day .
解析：as for...意思是“至于;关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。
如：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。
As for myself, I don’t want to go now. 至于我自己，我现在不想去。
As for the man, I know nothing about him. 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
解析：want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”;
want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：
Eg1)Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗?
Eg2)The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。
注意：有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语，如：
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. She says it’s good for my health.
解析：be good for...表示“对……有益(有好处)”;
其反义为：be bad for...。(这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词)如：
Eg1)It's good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。
Eg2)Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。
7. How many hours do you sleep every night?
8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits are pretty good .
解析：这里pretty相当于very 。
10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
解析：try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思
try doing sth.表示“(用某一办法)试着去做某事”。如:
eg)You’d better try doing the experiment in another way.你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。
11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
解析：help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
解析：这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级
13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
=Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours?
解析：be the same as … / be different from …
14. What sports do you play ?
15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .
解析：keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eat less meat .
解析：try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级
17. That sounds interesting.
解析：这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。
sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象),grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：
Eg1)It tastes good. 这味道好。
Eg2)The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。
Eg3)The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。
18. I think I’m kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。
解析：kind of = a little
a kind of 一种
19.Exercise such as playing basketball is fun.像打篮球这样的锻炼是有趣的。
20.although=though虽然 不能与but连用
如：Although he is old, he is quite strong.(He is old, but he is quite strong.)
解析：句子中，有although或though就不可再用but，但可用yet或still“仍然，还”;
与之类似的情况：有because就不能再用so.
21.She says it’s good for my health.她说它对我的健康有好处。
解析：be good for对…有益;其反义词组：be bad for对…有害
如：Eating vegetables is good for your health.吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。
辨析：be good for ,be good at ,be good with
be good for“对…有益”;
be good at“擅长于”;
be good with“和…相处的好”;
如：I’m good at playing football.
Are you good at children?
22.How come?怎么回事?
解析：表示某件事很奇怪，有点想不通。可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问词why.但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。
如：How come you didn’t tell me about it?
=Why didn’t you tell me about it?你怎么不早点告诉我这件事?
23.well,how about Tuesday?哦，那星期二怎么样啊 ?
解析：How about…?=What about …?，“…怎么样”，用来向对方征求意见。
如：It’s very sunny today ,how/what about playing tennis?
24.Twenty percent don’t exercise at all.20%的学生根本不锻炼。
解析：“not…at all”“一点也不;根本不”
如：He didn’t do his homework at all yesterday.昨天他根本没有做作业。
拓展：not at all “不客气”=you are welcome.
如：---Thank you very much.
---Not at all
八年级上册英语第二单元知识点3
词语辨析
1.注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。
(1) sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”
例：Will you come again sometime next week?
(2) some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用
例：I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。
(3)some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”
例：I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。
(4)sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”=at times
例：He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。
2.time意为“时间”时，为不可数名词。
意为“次数，倍数”时，为可数名词，
例1：What time is it?
例2：I go to the movies three times a week.
注意：1)“次数”的表达方法：
一次once;两次twice;三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：three times、five times、one hundred times.
2)表示“……几次”的表达方法是：
once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
3.same与different
解析：1)same指“相同的”，前面通常要有一个定冠词the，但是如果same前面已经有this，those等词，不能再与the连用了。
例：We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。
结构：the same as 与......一样 如：
例：His mark is the same as mine.他的分数和我的分数一样。
2)different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。
例：We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。
结构：be different from 与......不同
例：This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣与那一件不同。
different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。
4. hard / hardly
1)hard: hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。
adj. 辛苦的，困难的
adv. 努力，使劲地
例1：He had a hard (adj.)time in the past.
例2：It's a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)这是一个难的问题。
例3：The boy studies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力
例4：He works hard. 他努力工作。
结构：It's hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如：
例：It's hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。
注意区分：hard work 困难的工作
work hard 努力工作
2)hardly:hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。(=almost not)通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。
hardly: adv. 几乎不，简直不
例1)I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。
例2)He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。
反意疑问句：It hardly rains here, does it?
5. how often / how long / how soon / how far
1)how often: “隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。(用于一般现在时或一般过去时)
例1)How often do you go to the movies?
例2)Once a week. / I never go to the movies.
2)how long: 1)“(延续)多长时间”，答语常用for+时间段或since+时间点。(用于各种时态);
2)询问物体的长度。
例1)How long is the Yellow River?
例2)How long have you learned English?
例3)I have learned it for 5 years.
例4)I have learned it since 5 years ago.
3)how soon:“还要多久才…，多久以后”，答语常用“in+时间段”。(用于一般将来时)
例1)How soon will she come back?
例2)She’ll come back in an hour.
4)how far:“多远”，询问距离。
例1)Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home?
例2)——How far is it from your home to our school?
——It’s 2 kilometers away.
6.句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth."和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别
"两个句型中，for sb和of sb怎么区别，在使用时要注意adj是说明sb的品质特点的还是说明to do sth的就可以了.
即：说明sb的品质特点用of sb;说明to do sth用for sb.，
简单一句话说就是：说人的用of sb.; 说事的用for sb。
1)for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important
,impossible等;
如：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
如：It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
例:It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours.(difficult 说明完成任务难)
It is kind of you to help me.(kind说明你善良)
7.across与through区别
across为“横穿”，与“道路”交叉形成“十字”，即：从物体表面经过，如：过河、过桥、过马路。
而through为在立体空间中的“穿过”即：从物体内部经过，如：穿过森林、隧道。
如：go through the forest“穿过森林”;
go across the street “穿过大街”
8. every day与everyday区别
1)every day作状语，译为“每一天”。
如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。
2)everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
如：She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么?
9.stay up与stay up late区别
1)stay up “熬夜、不睡觉”
如：He stayed up all night to write his story.他熬了一整夜写他的小说。
2)stay up late“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”
如：Don’t stay up late next time.下次不要再熬夜很晚了。
八年级上册英语第二单元知识点总结
Unit 2 what’s the matter?
一．重点短语归纳
1. foot---feet 脚 复 tooth---teeth 牙齿 复
2. have a cold 感冒
3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉咙疼
6. have a fever发烧
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息
8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶
9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生
10.drink lots of water多喝水
11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思； Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That’s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well
我感觉不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事
TO DO 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情
DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。
17. two days ago两天前
18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿
19. I think so我认为是这样
20. be thirsty口渴
21. be hungry 饥饿
22. be stressed out紧张
23. listen to music听音乐
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.
27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡
28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛
too much + 不可数名词 太多的…
much too +形/副 实在太… 极其，非常
too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…
30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害
be good to 对…好
be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长
be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法
1.be good for 对......有益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
做早操对你们的建康有益。
2.be good at 擅长于......
Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。
= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。
be good at = do well in 如：
I\'m good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。
3.be good to 对......好
Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 31.get good grades 取得好成绩
32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting. 我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气
33.Chinese medicine 中药
34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。
35.in western countries在西方国家
36.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
37.balanced diet平衡饮食
38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired
39.go out at night在晚上出去
When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出
40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
41.at the moment此时，此刻= now
I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice会话练习
44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。
46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许…
a little + 不可数名词/形/副 一点…
47.He shouldn’t eat anything
=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
48.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议
advice 是不可数名词
a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议
He gave me some good advice.
他向我提了一些很好的意见。
49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时
50.take medicine 吃药 服药
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。
二 固定结构
It’s +形 + for sb. + to do sth.
做某事对某人来说是…的。
It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的
三．重点句子
1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？
=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…
You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.
4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的？大约两天前
5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来
这里better是well的比较级
6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。
这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语
7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。
8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。
9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不可数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数
10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。
→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要
11.You should rest for a few nights. 你应该休息几个晚上
12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I don’t think I’m improving.
我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。
13believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话
I believe him, but I can’t believe in him. 他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。
14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .
→ need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为needn’t(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化
四．知识结构
○1.情态动词should的用法
should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为\"应该......\"。
should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。
eg. You should wait a little more.
你应该再多等一会儿。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。
○2maybe与may be
1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：
Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：
He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师
○3too many,too much与much too
1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：
There are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。
2.too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。如：
We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如：
The box is much too heavy, so I can\'t carry it.
箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。
○4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：
1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
○5 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词
She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.
……until/till 直到••• （肯定句）动词为延续性动词
We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.
八年级英语下册第二单元知识点
英语是世界第一大语言，学好英语对以后工作、生活都很重要。下面由我为你提供的八年级英语下册第二单元知识点，希望能帮到你。
八年级英语下册第二单元知识点： 短语动词小结
常见短语动词结构有下面几种：
1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动
词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放
在短语动词后。
2. 动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于
这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。
3. 动词+副词+介词 如：come up with 提出，想出
run out of 用完，耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住
1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高兴
clean up 打扫 clean-up n. 打扫
2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家
4. sick adj. 生病的 作表语、定语
ill adj. 生病的 作表语 ，不能作定语
5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献
volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出
catch up with 赶上 追上
7. put off doing 推迟做某事
put on 穿上 (指过程)
put up 张贴
8. write down 写下 记下
9. call up 打电话
make a telephone call 打电话
10. set up 成立 建立
The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。
11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用
every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用
12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用
13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English
help do 帮助做某事 help study
14. plan to do 计划做某事
plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.
我计划去北京。
15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.
我花了一天的时间去参观北京。
spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.
16.not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以 not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句。也是说得要
把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.
我不仅能做到而且做得最好。
⑵Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。
常见的就近原则的结构有：
①Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。
②Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)Either Lily or you are a student.
③Not only …but (also)…
④There be
17. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党
take part in 参加 (指参加活动) 如：
take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
18. run out 与 run out of
①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本
身就含有被动意义。
His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。
My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。
Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。
②run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。
两者在一定条件下可以互换
如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了
= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。
Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time
19. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相像 take after 相像
look after 照顾 take care of 照顾
20. work out v. + adj.
①结局，结果为
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。
②算出，制订出，消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。
21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。
22. be able to do 能 会
be unable to do 不能 不会
23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如：
thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我
24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。
25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。
26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。
28. train n. 火车 train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。
29. at once == right away 立刻 马上 如：
Do it at once. 马上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。
30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如：
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。
31. specially adv. 特意地 专门地 特别地 special adj. 特别的
32. donation n. 捐赠物 donate v. 捐赠 赠送
33. part of speech 词性 词类
34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 disable v. 不能
35. hand out 分发 hand out bananas
give out 分发 give out sth to sb. 分….给某人
give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟
give away 赠送 捐赠 give away sth. to …. give away money to kids
give sb. sth. 给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱
give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线
36. volunteer ①可数名词 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的
vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。
I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。
37. no longer = not … any longer 指时间上不再延续。
no more = not … any more 指动作上不再延续。
八年级英语下册第二单元知识点：短语
1.clean up 清扫
2.give out 分发，发放
3.cheer up=make…happier 使...高兴，使...振作
4.after school study program 课外学习班
5.come up with=think up 提出，想出
6.put off 推迟
7.write down 写下，记下
8.put up 张贴
9.hand out 分发，发放
10.call up 打电话
11.ser up=establish 建立
12.be home to sb 是某人的家园
13.volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花时间干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用
15.elementary school 小学
16.plan to do sth 计划干...打算干
17.coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球队
18.start a Chinese History club 开办一个中国史俱乐部
19.run out of 用完，耗尽
20.take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象
21.fix up 修理
22.give away 捐赠
23.be similar to 与...相似
24.ask for 索要
25.a call-in center for parents 家长热线
26.hang out 闲荡
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 学唱歌的钱用完了
29.disabled people 残疾人
30.for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
31.fill…with... 用...填充... be full of 装满了...
32.help...out 帮助...做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
33.a specially trained dog 一只经过特殊训练的狗
34.train sb to do sth 训练某人干...
35.fetch my book 把我的书拿来
36.part of speech 词性
八年级英语下册第二单元知识点：句子
1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from
now. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。
2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school.她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用
3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。
4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。
5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。
7.He did a radio interview. 他接受了电台的采访。
8.We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。
9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who
don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。
2017八年级下册英语第二单元知识点
想期末考好，就要倍加努力学好英语，懂得整理单元知识，有助于加强知识点的抓握。下面由我为你整理的八年级下册英语第二单元知识点，希望对大家有帮助!
八年级下册英语第二单元知识点1
基本知识点
1. sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.
也可作定语a sick child
【区别ill】ill与sick同义;但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.
2. cheer (sb.) up(让某人)变得高兴;振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
3. give out分发;散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.
give sth. out to sb. 意为 把某物分发给某人 。
4. volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，
The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
5. used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。
There used to be a cinema here. 这里曾有一个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。
6. alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.
lonely (感到)孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
7. care for sb./sth.照顾;照料……
care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗心的 →【副词】carefully 仔细地
8. such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9. try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.
try out试用，试验
10. journey 【名词】(尤指长途)旅行，行程;trip【名词】多指短途旅行;
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者
11.【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于(做)什么事情
12.【复习】try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人、某事
14. raise money集资，筹钱;raise money for…为……筹钱
raise【动词】举起;提高;募集
15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留(某物);keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聋的;disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的;在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使(某人)做某事成为可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使(某人)做某事成为…;
think/find it +形容词to do sth.
18. make a difference to…对……有影响;对……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
19. difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数;表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数;
have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
20. train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
21. be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【复习】excited意为 兴奋的，修饰人;exciting意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
22. order【名词】命令，指示;顺序，次序【动词】订购;点(菜)follow the order。
23. change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名词】变化;零钱
change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
repair 【动词】修理，修补; fix【动词】安装;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
八年级下册英语第二单元知识点2
【重点句型】
1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?
2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
八年级下册英语第二单元知识点3
【重点语法】
动词不定式
动词不定式的基本结构为“to+动词原形 ”(有时可不加to)。在句中除不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等。在八上已讲过作宾语的用法。在此主要讲作宾语补足语和状语的用法。
(1) 作宾语补足语。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有to do 和 to be 两种形式。
The doctor advised him to take a good rest.
I find English to be very easy.
提示：在ask, tell, want, would like, advise, invite, teach,等动词或短语之后，常接带to的不定式做宾语补足语。
We asked him to sing a pop song at the party.
① 动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to在使役动词(have, make, let)、感官动词(feel, hear, watch, see, notice等)的后面时要省略。但他们变为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。
The boss made the workers work over ten hours a day in the past.
= The workers were made to work over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.
② 动词help接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to可省略也可不省略。
He often comes to help us (to) do some farm work.
(2)作状语
① 表目的：表目的时，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开;而在句子末尾时一般不用逗号隔开。
To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.
② 表结果：不定式做结果状语，一般位于句子末尾。
I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.
动词短语
1.动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而构成的短语。
2.动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：
(1)动词+介词
如：agree with, ask for, arrive in/at, come from, get to, get on, get off, look after, take after等。
注：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
Eg: I am looking for my pen. I have been looking for it for two hours.
• (2) 动词+副词
• 如：give out, look up, put up, put off, write down ,cheer up, turn off/ on, find out, hand out等。
• 注：这类动词短语后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词之后，也可放在副词之前;宾语是代词时，带刺只能放在副词之前。
• Eg: Please pick up the pen.
• =Please pick the pen up.
• Can you pick it up.
• 3)动词+名词+介词
• 如：make friends with, pay attention to , take care of, look forward to等。
• 注：在这类动词短语中，并与都放在介词之后。
• Eg: She stayed at home to take care of the baby.
• (4)动词+形容词+介词
• 如：be angry with, be busy with, be good/bad for, be different from, be interested in , be good at , be famous for等。
• Eg: Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.